As a core component of electric wheelchairs, battery type directly impacts the user experience and overall performance. Currently, lead-acid and lithium-ion batteries dominate the market, each with its own unique characteristics, suiting different needs and budgets.

 

Lead-Acid Batteries: A Cost-Effective and Classic Choice

Lead-acid batteries are a long-standing power source for electric wheelchairs. Their electrodes are primarily composed of lead and its oxides, and a sulfuric acid solution serves as the electrolyte, storing and releasing energy through chemical reactions. The main advantages of this type of battery are its affordability, which helps control overall costs. Its mature technology and ease of maintenance make it suitable for budget-conscious users.

 

However, lead-acid batteries are heavy, adding to the weight of the vehicle and making it difficult to transport. Their low energy density generally limits their range. Furthermore, these batteries have a short cycle life, and frequent deep discharge and deep charge cycles accelerate capacity degradation. Regular electrolyte checks and avoiding over-discharge are essential.

 

Lead-acid batteries are particularly suitable for users with relatively fixed movements and who prioritize initial investment costs, such as those frequently used indoors or in nursing homes. It also remains highly practical in mass-produced applications where weight is less important and procurement needs to be controlled.

 

 

Lithium Batteries: A Modern Solution for Lightweight, Long-Endurance Battery Life

Lithium batteries use lithium metal or lithium compounds as electrode materials, relying on the transfer of lithium ions between the positive and negative electrodes to complete the charging and discharging process. They offer high energy density and weigh significantly less than lead-acid batteries of equivalent capacity, significantly reducing vehicle weight and improving portability. They also typically offer superior range, with a typical configuration capable of exceeding 25 kilometers.

 

These batteries have a longer cycle life, require fewer replacements throughout their lifecycle, require no maintenance, support on-the-go charging, and exhibit no memory effect. However, lithium batteries have a higher initial price and strict charging circuit design requirements, requiring a specialized battery management system (BMS) for safe voltage and temperature control.

 

For users with extensive daily activities, frequent travel, or frequent use of public transportation, lithium batteries offer significant advantages in terms of portability and battery life. They are also more suitable for those who are lighter or require frequent transportation.

 

 

How to Choose the Right Battery?

We recommend considering your actual usage scenario, budget, and battery life requirements:

If you frequently travel long distances and prioritize portability and ease of use, lithium batteries are a better choice.

If your usage is concentrated and your budget is limited, lead-acid batteries remain reliable, practical, and economical.